Evaporation and boiling are both processes that involve the transformation of a liquid into a gas, but they differ in several key aspects.
Evaporation occurs when the surface molecules of a liquid gain enough energy to escape into the surrounding atmosphere. It takes place at temperatures below the boiling point of the liquid. During evaporation, only the molecules at the liquid's surface break away and become gas, while the rest of the liquid remains relatively undisturbed. Evaporation is a gradual process that happens over time, and it occurs throughout the liquid's surface area.
On the other hand, boiling is a rapid and vigorous process that occurs when the entire liquid reaches its boiling point. The boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the atmospheric pressure. When this happens, bubbles of vapor form throughout the liquid and rise to the surface. Unlike evaporation, boiling is not restricted to the liquid's surface; it involves the conversion of the entire liquid volume into gas. Boiling is accompanied by visible and audible signs, such as the formation of bubbles and the release of steam.